Rapeseed and Gomenzer Breeding in Ethiopia
1992
Getinet Alemaw | Adfrris Tekle Wold | Mengistu Negi | Tesfaye Getachew
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) and gomenzer (Brassica carinata) are the most adapted oilseed Brassica species in the Ethiopian highlands. Double-low rapeseed varieties that are suitable to harvest mechanically were developed for the state farms. But the narrow rotation system in this sector had aggravated the blackleg incidence and severity on the available varieties. Recently, some blackleg tolerant but late-maturing gomenzer genotypes are expected to replace rapeseed. Oil content of the released varieties reaches up to 44 per cent. The oil from these varieties contains 2.6 per cent stearic, 9.8 per cent oleic, 18.0 per cent linoleic, 16.5 per cent linolenic, and 40 per cent erucic acid. Genotypes with low erucic acid were identified from among a cross of Brassica carinata cv. Yellow dodola x Brassica juncea Zem 2330 at BC1F1 generation. Screening of the available germplasm collections revealed that allylglucosinolate is the major component and low glucosinolate genotype was not available.
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