Aspects of agroforestry for lowland humid areas with low population densities: the example of East Kalimantan, Indonesia
1990
Siebert, B. (Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda (Indonesia))
Land-use systems in the humid tropics of East Kalimantan are characterized by a set of socio-economic and environmental conditions which are widely contrary to the conditions in densely populated areas. The development of sustainable land-use systems, including agroforestry land-use, must consider these facts when designing farming systems for the area. Agroforestry could contribute considerably to the development of sustainable land-use systems and the reduction of shifting cultivation by intersified cropping patterns. However, usual agroforestry approaches face several major constraints due to low population density, scarce labour, low division of labour, and a set of edaphic and climatic constraints. Traditional land tenure is often based on fruit tree growing, hence tree crops, besides their sustainability are appropriate to intensify agriculture. Particularly the combination of the tree crops and animal husbandry is promising in East Kalimantan. But the process of adaptation to the changing economic and socio-cultural conditions is very hard for indigenous people, while immigrants have mainly to adopt their agricultural techniques.
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