Triticale breeding under norwegian conditions: Problems and possibilities
1991
Mjaerum, J. (Agricultural University of Norway, (Norway). Departament of Crop Science)
Cultivars and breeding lines of hexaploid spring triticale have been tested in Norway since 1975. The crop is, however, not recommended for commercial growing. Lack of dormancy and late maturity are major problems under Norwegian conditions, where autumn weather is wet and cold. In growth chamber experiments, grain development was found to be satisfactory at temperatures of 12(degree centigrade) or more. At lower temperatures, the maturity period was protracted. Early varieties are recommended to avoid low temperatures at maturity. If harvest is delayed, the possibility of rain and pre-harvest sprouting conditions also increases. A lot of variation in sprouting resistance was found within the triticale material, but very little variation was found in enzyme activity. Under moist weather conditions, alpha-amylase activity increased dramatically even at an early stage of maturity. High alpha-amylase activity makes the flour unsuitable for preparing yeast bread. Disease resistance and yield potential in triticale are interesting traits for utilization in breeding programs
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