Effectiveness of plant-derived preparations on seed storability and germination of agronomic and agroforestry species
1993
Depositario, D.B.T.
Alternative to chemicals for seed protection is currently being sought. Reported plant preparations (botanicals) including wood ash and coconut oil were studied to assess their effects on seed germination on storage insects. They were tested on agronomic species, corn (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), mungbean (Vigna radiata), and on agroforestry species, sesbania (Sesbania sesban), acacia (Acacia villosa), and flemingia (Flemingia macrophylla). Three experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 determined the effectiveness of different forms of seed protectants in paper or plastic packages within six months of ambient storage. The botanicals were prepared as leaf extract (50% w/v) or dry powder (applied in 3 or 6% w/w) and include wild lantana (Lantana camara), hot pepper (Capsicum frutescens), wild sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia), malunggay (Moringa oleifera), kandi-kandilaan (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis), derris (Derris elliptica), oregano (Coleus amboinicus) and agpoy (Phanera intergrifolia). The other seed protectants were wood ash (3 and 6% w/w), coconut (Cocos nucifera), oil (0.5) and a commercial insecticide, Actellio (1 %). Experiment 2 determined how the effects of promising seed protectants from Experiment 1 varied with variety (only for agronomic species), initiated seed vigor, seed moisture content, packing material, storage temperature (ambient and 15 deg C), and storage duration (six months). Experiment 3 determined the effectiveness of malunggay, oregano and kandi-kandilaan leaf extract (20% w/w), along with a commercial fungicide Arazan, (0.03%), as germination protect. Parameters measured were germination percentage, insect infestation (or fungal infection for experiment 3), moisture content, and cost efficiency, which is the cost of seed and storage set-up, adjusted for germination percentage (for Experiment 1)
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