Alkaloid production in callus culture derived from different tissue explants of the white and rosy-purple Periwinkle, Catharanthus roseus (L.) Don
1993
Marfori, E.D.C.
Results showed that biomass yield 21 days after subculture was higher in cultures derived from rosy-purple variety than those derived from white variety. Alkaloid production was also higher in cultures derived from rosy-purple variety particularly those initiated from the root. Alkaloid profiles exhibited by different culture lines were similar indicating that qualitatively they contain similar alkaloids. In contrast, alkaloids extracted from the intact plant were of different profiles depending on plant part. Thin-layer chromatography of crude alkaloid extracted from Catharanthus roseus callus showed a blue spot suspected to be vincristine. Suspected vincristine was isolated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography and yield was estimated to be 18 mg/kg. Cytotoxicity assay employing Vero cells showed that its cytotoxic activity is similar to authentic vincristine at same concentrations. The above findings strongly suggest that callus culture of C. roseus is a potential source of high-value alkaloids including vincristine, an anti-tumor agent
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