Degradation of aflatoxin by selected molds
1990
Kanittha Sangkhaha
Aflatoxin contamination was found in many agricultural products and animal foods. Fungi isolated from 18 agricultural products and soil samples were selected and screened for the reduction or degradation of the toxicity of aflatoxin. Among the total of 1,444 isolates, Aspergillus group was predominantly found while Phycomy-cetous group and Trichoderma group were commonly isolated. The YES liquid medium was more suitable for the selection of toxin degrading fungi than Coconut agar medium. Among of aflatoxin was detected by thin layer chromatography method. Comparison of the fluorescence characteristic under long-wave ultraviolet light (366 nm.) revealed four efficient aflatoxin-degradating fungi which inluded A. flavus group "B" - D6, Trichoderma sp. - ES136 and Phycomycetous group - F103 and F135. Inoculation of each fungus on grinding corn seed together with aflatoxin-producing isolate of A.flavus, and on grinding corn seed naturally contaminated with aflatoxin indicated that Phycomy-cetous group - F135 was the most effective aflatoxin-degrading fungus. Fermentation of this effective isolate in naturally aflatoxin contaminated grinding corn seed showed that the amount of aflatoxin was markedly reduced within 3-6 days after inoculation. The percentage of reduction of aflatoxin was 86.84 or 7.6 folds as compared with the original amount. The most effective aflatoxin-degrading fungus was identified as Rhizopus sp. whereas another effective isolate was Trichoderma sp. - ES136.
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