Cultural diagnosis of groundnut production in Phattalung area [Thailand]
1989
Apinan Kamnalrut | Krisanapong Laksanapoking | Teerapoung Juntaraniyom (Prince of Songkla Univ., Songkhla (Thailand). Faculty of Natural Resources. Dept. of Plant Science)
Variation of yield is known to be caused by different environments of each location and cultural activities practiced by different farmers. The diagnosis of yield limiting factors was carried out in a major groundnut growing area in Phatthalung province. Nine farmers' plots in two tambons (sub-districts) were selected and compared with 1 complete technology package, using common cultivar Tainan 9. There were problems of growth and development of groundnut due to environmental condition, mainly weeds, crown rot disease, and water-logged condition. The nutritional status of the soil did not show significant effect on growth and yield. The relatively better growth of groundnut grown in Kok Cha-Ngai (Farm 7-10) than in Praek-Ha (Farm 1-6) might be due to better soil moisture condition resulted from rows and later planting of the former. This, however, did not result in a higher yield. The large plants showed less efficient in translocating assimilate into seeds. The important yield components contributing to the final yield were found to be number of pods/plant of which one extra treatment using moist rice hull ashes covering seeds in each hill done by one farmer (Farm 1) gave the highest pod number and the highest yield. Lower the number of plants/cubic. meter could also decrease yield. Results of the study indicated that the optimum plant density was about 15-20 plats/cubic. meter. Groundnut receiving high input technology package gave big pods and large seeds but not the highest yield. Further studies to prove the effect of rice hull ashes on yield and to determine optimum plant density should be carried out. Appropriate managements for controlling weeds and crown rot disease, and drainage system are also necessary for groundnut production in the area.
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