Control of Tsetse flies in Uganda by dipping cattle in a synthetic pyrethroid, Deltamethrin
1994
Okello-Onen, J. | Heinonen, R. | Ssekitto, C.M.B. | Mwayi, W.T. | Kakaire, D. (Animal Health Research Centre, Entebbe (Uganda)) | Kabarema, M. (Dept. of Tsetse Control, Entebbe (Uganda))
The effect of treating cattle with deltamethrin to control tsetse flies and ticks was investigated on two ranches 8 km apart in Uganda where there was a high risk of trypanosomiasis. The area had a moderate challenge of Glossina pallidipes. The cattle had very low challenge of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus decoloratus and Rhipicephalus evertsi, due to regular treatment with dioxathion. On one ranch a dip was charged with deltamethrin to treat cattle regularly for three months. The other ranch was used as a control for the tsetse population, but the animals continued to be treated regularly with dioxathion using hand sprays. On the ranch using deltamethrin a reduction of 96.9 in the tsetse population was recorded after two treatments at two week intervals. Total (100) control of tsetse was achieved from the fourth treatment up to the end of the trial period. The ranch with dioxathion treatment experienced an overall tsetse reduction of 19.15 during the thirteenth to fifteenth weeks and the factors contributing to this are discussed. However, the mean apparent tsetse density of 4.83 flies/trap/day recorded at the control ranch was significantly different from the mean of 0.81 flies/trap/day (P0.001) at the ranch using deltamethrin treatment. It was difficult to assess the effect of this product on ticks because of lack of controls. However, there are indications that deltamethrin can also reduce tick populations and the incidence of tick-born diseases. The possible limitations and practical implications associated with large scale use of this product in Uganda are discussed
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