Dynamics of the genetic progress in maize improvement at S.C.A. Turda
1994
Grecu, C. | Cabulea, I. (Institutul de Cercetari pentru Cereale si Plante Tehnice, Fundulea (Romania)) | Has, I. (Statiunea de Cercetari Agricole, Turda (Romania))
The study of genetic progress after 35 years of maize improvement involved 16 normal grain hybrids registered on the OFFICIAL LIST since 1962 through 1992. The experiment was conducted in 1991 by using seeds reproduced a year before being implemented in 3-4 localities of the country. The hybrids were distributed to three groups as follows: very early-early, early and semi-early. The genetic progress course was estimated by calculating the linear regression "b" coefficient for the annual grain yield rate (q/ha), the vegetation period (percent dry matter contained in the harvest grains) and resistance of plants to breaks and falls (percent of unbroken and unfallen plants) as well as through the synthetic evaluation index (S.I.) in hybrids reported with equal participation of all the three mentioned characteristics. - Genetic progress was found with the grain yields and resistance to breaks and falls. A stationary situation was seen in point of vegetation period; - The annual genetic progress growth rate in what concerned the grain production was 1.3 q/h/year in very early-early hybrids, 0.5 q/h/year in early hybrids and 0.7 q/h/year in semiearly hybrids; - The annual growth genetic progress growth rate in point of resistance to breaks and falls was 0.6 percent in very early-early hybrids, 1.2 percent in early hybrids and 0.7 percent in semi-early hybrids. An obvious genetic progress specific of one of the main characteristics under study was seen in the early hybrids Elan, Turda 199, Turda 200, Turda 160 and in the semi-early hybrid Turda 260 in what concerned the grain yields, as well as the early hybrids Turda 160, Elan and Turda 200 and the semi-early hybrid 260 in what concerned the resistance to breaks and falls.
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