Epidemiological status of camel trypanosomiasis in camels in Kenya
1994
Nyang'ao, J.M. | Olaho-Mukani, W. | Maina, N.N.W. | Ross, C.A. | Sutherland, D.V. | Omuse, J.K. (Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute (KETRI), Muguga (Kenya))
The prevalence of camel trypanosomiasis in Kenya was studied in selected camel herds, comprising 2421 camels under different systems of management. A detailed clinical examination was carried out including assessment of the body condition and haematocrit level. The presence of trypanosome infection was determined using Buffy Coat Examination (BCE), Mouse Subinoculation (MI) and Antigen Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (Ag-ELISA). In herds where trypanosome challenge was high, low haematocrit level, emaciation and general weakness were common. Histories of deaths and abortions were reported in such herds. The herds that belonged to pastoralists had the highest patent infection rates as detected by parasitological tests BCE and MI ranging from 1% to 47%, while those that belonged to commercial ranchers, government and non-govermental institutions had patent infection rates less than 2%. The latter herds were on constant surveillance and treatment, while the farmer herds were treated only on clinical manifestation of the disease. The prevalence of circulating trypanosomal antigens as detected by Ag-ELISA, ranged from 5% to 50%
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