Hypoglycemic agents from some Bangladeshi plant materials
1995
Mosihuzzaman, M. | Nilufar Nahar | Ak Azad Khan | Liaquat Ali | Begum Rokeya (University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000 (Bangladesh). Dept. of Chemistry)
Methanol extract of Gymnema sylvestre (whole powder), water extract of Musa paradisiaca (edible part), Syzigium cumini (seed), Plantago ovata (husk), Trigonella foenum graecum (seed) and freeze-dried juice of Coccinia indica (whole plant), Allium cepa (bulb), Allium sativum (bulb) and Momordica charantia (fruit pulp) have been tested for their hypoglycemic effects in Long Evans nondiabetics, IDDM and NIDDM model rats at different prandial states. The extracts/samples were found to possess positive hypoglycemic/antihyperglycemic effects. Efficacy varied from highly significant to marginal levels. It was also found that a particular plant extract may have no efficacy or negative effect in certain rat model but can have significant effect in another model. From bio-assay-guided fractionation and also from the nature of different extracts tested on model animals it is clear that active hypoglycemic agents vary widely in their chemical nature. In some cases free amino acids and peptide molecules showed insulin releasing property, in others some macromolecular polysaccharide fractions showed highly significant antihyperglycemic activity. Carbohydrate-protein complex of certain plant materials showed positive effect. Quite a few test samples showed that simple organic compounds or secondary metabolites are responsible for hypoglycemic activity
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