Recent outbreaks of turcicum leaf blights on maize in Ethiopia
1996
Asefa Teferi (IAR, Addis Abeba (Ethiopia))
Turcicum leaf blight incited by Exserohilum turcicum (pass.) Leonard and Suggs (Syn. Helminthosporium turcicum Pass.) occurs in humid areas of the world. In Ethiopia the prevalence of the disease was first reported in early 1950s. Although it was said to be one of the major maize diseases, its effect was considered as minor and sporadic. However, recently it is causing extensive damage in high and mid altitudes. In some places like Bilito, Upper Birr and Ayehu state farms total crop failures were reported. In Bure/Illubabor and Gedo/West Shoa serious infections before flowering were observed. Moreover, reports in the country indicate that there is a wide range of variabilities (cultural, morphological and pathogenic) among different isolates of the pathogenic) among different isolates of the pathogenic fungus. And a loss figure of up to 49.8 percent was recorded from a susceptible variety under high disease pressure.
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