Studies on the mechanisms of pollen embryogenesis, 7: Effects of various saccharides on pollen division and plant formation in tobacco [Nicotiana tabacum] anther culture
1993
Hirabayashi, T. (Kobe Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Misoo, S. | Kamijima, O.
Anthers of tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Bright Yellow) were cultured on agar media containing various saccharides to investigate effects of saccharides on the pollen division and subsequent plant formation. 1) The frequency of plant regeneration, the average number of regenerated plants per anther, and the morphological features of regenerated plants at 9 weeks after inoculation were compared among the media containing 10 kinds of saccharides at 1/10M, and 2 kinds of polysaccharides at 3% to modified Tanaka's medium individually. On the medium containing fructose, glucose, maltose or sucrose, plants were regenerated at a high frequency, and most of them developed with normal growth. Though many plants were obtained from the mannose and raffinose media, they stopped their growth at a very young stage. On the xylose, lactose, dextrin and starch media, the frequencies of plant regeneration were comparatively low, and most of plants showed malformation. No regenerated plant was observed on the arabinose and galactose media. 2) Multinucleate and multicellular pollen grains were induced even on the media where plants could not be formed. Moreover, pollen grains with 3-6 nuclei were observed at comparatively high frequencies on the mannitol medium and at a low frequency on the carbohydrate-free medium after 10 days of culture. From these results, it is suggested that saccharides in a medium possess mainly the function for control of osmotic pressure, whereas they are not essential factors in the early term of culture. 3) The plant regeneration on mannose, maltose,sucrose and raffinose media was compared with each other by changing their concentrations in the medium from 1/128 to 1/4M. These results indicate that the most favorable concentration of each saccharide for plant regeneration is considerably different
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