Genetic components of drought resistance in corn (Zea mays L.)
1993
Baldo, N.B. | Baldos, D.P. | Salazar, A.M. (Central Mindanao Univ., University Town, Musuan, Bukidnon (Philippines). Agronomy Dept.)
Field experiment was conducted at UPLB [Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna, Philippines] during the 1990 dry season to study the genetic components of traits related to drought resistance in corn using Generation Mean Analysis (GMA). Estimates of genetic components showed the important role of additive, dominance and epistatic gene effects in the heritability of different drought resistance component traits. Variation of leaf area and number of leaves per plant was due to the significant contribution of additive gene effects. Grain yield was significantly influenced by both dominance and epistatic effects while days to silking was significantly influenced by both additive and epistatic effects. Combinations of the three genetic effects were observed to influence number of leaves with stay green character and hair density. Plant height and days to anthesis were influenced mainly by epistasis. Heritability estimates for the broad and narrow sense ranged from 0.0 to 0.97 to 0.78, respectively. Traits showing high broad sense heritability such as grain yield, leaf area, number of leaves with stay green character, and number of leaves per plant was due to high dominance variance. Moderately high narrow sense heritability was observed for plant height and days to silking. Selection for drought resistance must be done in early generation for traits governed by additive effects and on later generations for traits governed by dominance effects. Recurrent progeny selection under moderate or severe drought conditions, where the traits will be fully expressed could be utilized to increased the frequency of desirable genes
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