Environmental characterization of crop-animal systems in lowland irrigated areas
1995
Roxas, D.B. (Univ. of the Philippines, Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Animal Science)
The relationship between crop and animal farming systems in lowland irrigated areas is discussed especially in the context of optimizing benefits from the two systems. Feed resources in irrigated rice areas include rice straw in great amounts, weeds and native grasses on bunds and marginal areas, as well as those growing on fields after harvest. Crop byproducts such as rice bran, rice middlings, and broken rice are available, and are utilized mainly for monogastric animals. Animal species and their adaptability to irrigated lowland rice environment are discussed in relation to prospects of improving the integration of the two systems. These include water buffalo, cattle, goat, and sheep as main ruminant species and swine, chicken, and ducks as main monogastric species. The integration of crop and animal activities includes consideration of draft power needs, use of manure, food-forage intercropping, and use of improved/high-yielding forage crops. Technology options appropriate for improving animal production such as straw treatment, supplementation of straw with crop byproduct concentrates and/or forage grasses and legumes, and efficient storage of feed materials are presented
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