Bacterial fire blight and shoot destruction of apple trees (Erwinia amylovora) in Hungary
1997
Nemeth, J. (Baranya Megyei Novenyeg. es Talajved. All., Pecs (Hungary). Bakteriologiai Lab.) | Balogh, B. | Bodor, L. (Bacs-Kiskun Megyei Novenyeg. es Talajved. All., Kecskemet (Hungary)) | Bagyinka, T. | Halmagyi, T. (Bekes Megyei Novenyeg. es Talajved. All., Bekescsaba (Hungary)) | Gavaller, J. | Imre, P. (Csongrad Megyei Novenyeg. es Talajved. All., Hodmezovasarhely (Hungary))
Following the first report on the presence of the bacterium Erwinia amylovora in Hungary (spring of 1996) an intensive reconnaissance work was commenced throughout the country. It was established that the pathogen appeared in high numbers in the southeastern and southern counties of Hungary, in a strip 200-250 km wide along the border. The findings of bacterial disease were concentrated on the counties Bekes, Bacs-Kiskun and Csongrad but trees with symptoms had been in Baranya as well. The pathogen (Erwinia amylovora) appeared to different intensities on all 9 host plants known. In Nyarlorinc more than 40.000 diseased apple trees had to destroyed, otherwise mostly quince and pear trees were infected. In course of the annihilation campaign the diseased trees had to be destroyed. According to the severity of symptoms and local circumstances they were cut at soil level or uprooted. The phytosanitary work was carried out by the growers themselves or by special working groups. Concluded from the localization of infected areas the pathogen could have arrived in the last two-three years by drifting from neighbouring countries Romania and Yugoslavia. A further distribution of the disease agent could not be excluded by anthropogenic means (propagating materials, horticultural tools etc.). The authors present suggestions on the most important and immediate duties in connection with the disease
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