Trichoderma species for the biocontrol of sweet pepper stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.)
1994
Paningbatan, R.A. (Visayas State Coll. of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte (Philippines). Dept. of Plant Protection)
Ten fungal isolates were bioassayed against sweetpepper stem rot pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, and the most antagonistic isolate (Trichoderma sp.) was assessed for biocontrol efficacy in the screenhouse and field conditions. Trichoderma isolate (P-1) from a soil sample of peanut field lysed mycelia of S. rolfsii at the rate of 3.88 mm/day. It yielded 4 x 10 to the ninth power conidia/gram of dried taro tuber, 16.4 times higher than on rice bran. The conidia/peso ratio of taro tuber was 36 times better than potato dextrose agar and three times better than rice bran. Seed treatment with 10 to the ninth power conidia/ml provided 80.78 percent biocontrol efficacy; 76.5 and 73.04 percent for seedling dip method under greenhouse and field conditions, respectively. The control efficacy of the isolate was comparable to the level of protection of Maneb applied as drench. Sweet pepper plants grown in plots with 72.23 percent disease incidence yielded 1.89 tons/ha of fresh fruits while seedlings protected with Trichoderma sp. yielded 7.51 tons/ha. Applying the biocontrol agent as seedling dip is more economical compared with fungicide Maneb applied as drench
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