Sugar beet breeding, germplasm collection and utilization and biotechnology in China
1998
Zhang, C.L. | Liu, S.T. (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hulan County (China). Inst. for Sugar Beet Research)
The method of sugar beet breeding in China has developed from the old system of selection and hybridization into one based upon hybrid heterosis breeding using cytoplasmic male sterile lines which pollinated with diploid or tetraploid lines. These lines were developed by selection or by the crossing of the current genetic stocks. Some multigerm hybrids with high sucrose content and disease resistance have been developed as a result. The current trend of sugar beet breeding is to breed male sterile, triploid or diploid monogerm hybrids. The germplasms from which the breeding lines are derived were obtained from Poland, Germany, USA and other countries. The utilization of breeding lines is focused on Fanyu No1 8-8, 334 and Shuangfeng No1, which are all derived from K. Bus. CLR and the genetic base is narrow. Several accessions of leaf beet (Beta vulgaris L. var Cicla) have been collected and evaluated for disease resistance and cytoplasmic male sterility. Interspecific hybridization between sugar beet and Beta procumbens or Beta corolliflora in attempts to produce disease resistance or apomixis have resulted progenies and several progenies have resulted from successful crosses. The technique of using ovule culture to produce haploid plants has been integrated into breeding programs. Transformation technology is being exploited to produce rhizomania resistant, fungal disease resistant and cold tolerant sugar beet.
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