Biological studies on tobacco leaf eating caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fabricius and its natural enemies
1995
Prapaipan Ongprasert
Biology of the noctuid Spodoptera litura Fabricius reared on tobacco leaves in the laboratory at 24.38+-2.84 deg C and 57.64+-6.53 percent RH., each female lay 5,471.60+-230.30 eggs during the average oviposition period of 6.40+-0.80 days. An incubation period was 5.50+-0.67 days. Larvae passed through 6 instars lasted 21.20+-1.07 days to pupate in earthen cells in soil. Prepupa, male and female pupal period averaged 1.37+-0.48, 11.49+-0.76 and 10.22+-0.59 days, respectively. The total development period (from egg to adult) of S. litura took 37.77+-1.28 days. The male and female longevities were 13.00+-3.03 and 8.80+-2.23 days, respectively. The sex ratio of the moth was 1 male to 2.15 females. The unmated female produced much less eggs than the mated one and the eggs were unfertile. An individual larva consumed 323.24+-58.31 square cm (54.17+-12.54 gm) of tobacco leaves during its developments. There were no natural enemies collected during the season. The studies were conducted at Mae Jo Tobacco Experiment Station, ching Mai, from January to September 1993.
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