An impact of morphological and physiological transformations of red clover flowers accompanying polyploidization on the pollinators' working speed and value as a guarantee for cross pollination
1999
Bender, A. (Estonian Agricultural Univ., Tartu (Estonia). Jogeva Plant Breeding Inst.)
The slowest pollinator on the flowers of diploid variety 'Jogeva 205' was honey-bee (Apis mellifera L.) who visited 7.1 flowers per minute collecting the nectar through the orifice of the corolla tube, and 13.0 flowers per minute while collecting the pollen. An average working speed of positively working bumble-bee species varied relatively little at the nectar and pollen collection, being 22.4 and 22.7 flowers per minute, respectively. All positively working pollinators worked slower on the flowers of tetraploid variety in comparison with the diploid variety. The most significant difference occurred among the short-tongued pollinators (Apis mellifera L., Bombus lapidarius L.) at the nectar collection. A strong positive correlation existed between the working speed of the pollinators at nectar collection on the flowers of both di- and tetraploid varieties and the length of their probosces
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