Morphological and cytological characteristics of triploid shallot (Allium cepa var. aggregatum group)

英语. Triploid shallot (2n=24, AAA) which derived from Japan crossing between the diploid (2n=16, AA) and the tetraploid (2n=32, AAAA) shallot at Saga University was studied in the field and laboratory concerning with morphological and cytological characteristics of triploid shallot were designed. The triploid was larger in most of morphological characters than the diploid and tetraploid except for number of flower stalk, inflorescence diameter, and sizes of epidermal cells and stomata. Regarding number and weight of bulbs, the triploid was also larger than the diploid and the tetraploid. The triploid had larger epidermal cells and stomata than those of diploid but smaller than those of tetraploid. The triploid had 8 trivalents and the tetraploid had 8 tetravalents as dominant chromosomes in meiosis. The triploid is promising as a better material than the diploid in increasing high productivity of bulbs

未知. Bawang merah triploid (2n= 24, AAA) dihasilkan dari persilangan tanaman diploid (2n=16, AA) dan tetraploid (2n=32, AAAA) di Saga University, Jepang. Untuk mempelajari karakter morfologi dan sitologi tanaman bawang merah triploid telah dilakukan penelitian di lapang dan laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bawang merah triploid mempunyai karakter morfologi yang lebih baik dibanding diploid dan tetraploid kecuali untuk karakter jumlah tangkai bunga, panjang tangkai bunga dan diameter umbella bunga. Bawang merah triploid juga menghasilkan umbi lebih besar, banyak dan lebih berat dibanding bawang merah diploid dan tetraploid. Sel epidermis dan stomata bawang merah triploid lebih besar dibanding bawang merah diploid tetapi lebih kecil dibanding bawang merah tetraploid. Bawang merah triploid dan tetraploid masing-masing mempunyai 8 tetravalents sebagai chromosom yang dominan dalam meiosis. Bawang merah triploid dapat menjadi bahan tanam yang lebih baik dengan produksi umbi yang lebih tinggi dari pada bawang merah diploid