Bacterial and fungal antagonists as sources of natural fungicidal compounds for the control of seed rot and aflatoxin-forming fungi in corn and peanut
1999
Quimio, A.J. | Bermundo, R.Q. | Santiago, N.C. | Villamor, D. | Rosario, M.M. | Martinez, E. | Manalo, J.O. (Bureau of Postharvest Research and Extension, Munoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines))
Fifty-five bacterial strains and 30 fungal isolates were isolated from healthy and diseased seed samples of corn and peanut planted in the provinces of Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur, Isabela, Nueva Ecija, Quirino, Pangasinan, Cagayan, Bukidnon, La Union, and Agusan del Sur [Philippines]. These isolates were tested for their antagonistic activity against aflatoxin-forming Aspergillus flavus and seed rot fungi. Results showed that fifteen of the corn bacterial isolates and 13 of the peanut isolates proved in co-cultivation test to be effective to 11 aflatoxin-forming A. flavus strains, 7 Fusarium strains, 2 strains each of Curvularia sp. and Penicillium sp., and 1 strain each of A. niger and Sclerotium sp. Out of 28 antagonist isolates, only two, both from corn seeds produced volatile metabolites inhibitory to A. flavus. Eight fungal isolates suppressed the growth of aflatoxin-forming A. flavus in the test of non-volatile antibiotic compounds. Seven fungal test isolates were found effective in suppressing the growth of Macrophomina. Eleven fungal isolates were observed to inhibit at least one pathogeen in their test on volatile compounds. Laboratory evaluation of metabolites and selection of ideal antagonist strain(s) for possible use in controlling aflatoxin-forming A. flavus and other corn and peanut seed rot fungi are in progress
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