Sustainable production of pigs based on African palm
1994
Duran, A.O. (Universidad Technologia de los Llanos, Meta (Colombia). Dept. of Animal Production)
African oil palm offers the possibility for developing a sustainable, alternative (to cereal grains) system of pig production for the humid tropics. It is a perennial crop, well production (4-5 tonnes/ha/year), and with possibilities for associated cultivation of other crops. It has been demonstrated that pigs can use efficiently the crude oil, the whole fresh fruit and the by-products from oil extraction (oil-pressed fibre and sludge), and that these resources can supply the major part of the energy in the diet. Only in the case of the crude oil does it appear to be necessary to add an aditional source of carbohydrate (as rice polishings at 10 percent of the diet). Because there is negligible protein in the oil palm products and by products, this nutrient must be added usually as soya-bean meal. This makes it possible to supply all the essential amino acids in a smaller total allowance of protein, resulting in some 30 percent reduction in overall protein supply, with no loss in performance. The high levels of oil are used efficiently (feed conversion on crude oil-based diets is less than 2 kg dry matter/kg liveweight gain) and apparently there are no deleterious effects on carcass quality.
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