The effect of physical soil properties on metabolism and technological quality of sugar beet
2001
Zahradnicek, J. (Vyzkumny Ustav Cukrovarnicky, Prague-Modrany (Czech Republic)) | Beran, P. | Pulkrabek, J. | Svachula, V. | Famera, O. | Sroller, J. | Chochola, J.
In the four trial years 1996-1999 the basic physical parameters of beet growing soils in the region of the Dobrovice sugar plant were measured, in particular the degree and depth of soil compaction by penetrometer and physical soil properties by undisturbed soil sampling. Chlorophyll content measured by chlorophyllmeter, pH value of beet juice in leaves and roots, numbers of leaves, weight of roots and leaves, sugar content, concentration of alpha-amino N, potassium and sodium were determined in parallel trial. It was repeatedly found in all the years that penetrometric soil resistance in headlands was higher by 60-90 % than in the inner parts of lands. It gradually increased from the beginning of vegetation until harvest. Until the formation of the 6th pair of true leaves penetrometric soil resistance in rut-rows was significantly higher than in the rows and inter-rows of sugar beet stand. The dynamics of soil porosity in the course of vegetation was in logical correspondence with changes in bulk density of soil. Chlorophyll content and root weight showed the relatively closest negative correlation with penetrometric soil resistance in the whole set of measured data (-0.61 and -0.58, respectively). Sodium and potassium contents were less affected by soil compaction. The data proved higher penetrometric resistance in the ruts of harvesters after harvest and removal of sugar beet from the field. The minimum relative increase in comparison with the value of penetrometric resistance before harvest was 20 %.
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