The effect of organic fertilizers on distribution of heavy metals among fractions in soil
2001
Filipek-Mazur, B. | Mazur, K. | Gondek, K. (H. Kollataj Agricultural Univ., Cracow (Poland)
The investigations aimed at determination of the main forms in which lead, copper, chromium and cadmium occur in soil after the application of various organic fertilizers. Mixed farmyard manure was the comparative fertilizer. It was applied in two doses. The doses of peat compost and raw organic sludge were calculated according to the amount of nitrogen in the applied FYM dose. Phosphorus on the plots with manure and raw organic sludge was supplemented with superphosphate to the amount applied in the peat compost, while potassium was supplemented up to its amount in manure doses as 60% potassium salt. After four years of the experiment the contents of heavy metals were determined using Zeien and Bruemmer sequential chemical extraction method. Applied organic fertilizers did not cause an increase in total Pb, Cu and Cd contents in comparison to the soil from the control (untreated). Application of sewage sludge and its compost with peat caused an increase in total forms of chromium. The greatest amounts of lead and copper were detected in the fractions attached to soil organic matter and amorphic iron oxides. The least amounts of Pb, Cu and Cr were found in the mobile and exchangeable fractions. Cadmium was characterised by high mobility in soil which confirms its big share (over 50 %) in the mobile fraction and the trace amounts of this element bound in the residual fraction.
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