Agricultural land policy, farm operating and farm structures in France
2001
Boinon, J.-P. | Barthelemy, D. (INRA/ENESAD, Dijon (France))
In 19th century, the right of ownership was defined in France as the right "to enjoy and to use the things in the absolute way" and allowed the private appropriation and thus the fodder revolution and the increase in the productivity of the agriculture which is resulted. But its too absolute nature appeared an obstacle with the modernisation of agriculture. Gradually, several regulations of land use and land market were introduced in France with the objective to support the modernisation of the farms, while maintaining a family character. This land policy related on the organisation of the relations between the landowners and the farmers, on the control of the surface area growth of the farms and on the control and the organisation of the market of the agricultural land. The tenant farming status ensures a right of indefinite renewal of the farming lease, guarantees a great freedom of investment for the farmer and limits the amount of the rent. The right of the land transfers and the action of the SAFER, the administrative control to farm and that of the transfer of the rights to produce, are organised to avoid the existing viable holdings being divided, to improve the situation of those which are viable or can become it, while discouraging the extensions exceeding the limits of the family farm.
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