Toxicity of methylxanthines - intoxications with chocolate in dogs and cats
2001
Dvorakova, D. | Zapletal, O. (Veterinarni a Farmaceuticka Univ., Brno (Czech Republic). Ustav Veterinarni Farmakologie a Toxikologie)
Chocolate products contain methylxanthines, in particular theobromine and a lesser amount of caffeine. Low or therapeutic doses of methylxanthines are known to stimulate the cardiovascular and the central nervous systems. High doses can induce clinical signs of intoxication characterised by polydipsia, vomiting, diarrhoea, and tachycardia. Subsequently polyuria, hypotension, tachypnoe, and cyanosis can develop. Toxic doses of relevant methylxanthines are given and recommended treatment methods are described.
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