Steady seepage through zoned embankment dams
1996
Morii, T. (Tottori Univ. (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Hussein, A.K.H. | Hattori, K.
No embankment dam can be considered impervious, and some seepage through the dam and its foundation must be expected. Especially being concerned about a permeability ratio, mu, which is a ratio of hydraulic conductivity of the pervious zone against the impervious zone, the present study investigates seepage characteristics of zoned embankment dams under steady state and examines the practical limitations of the Casagrande's method and the Fukuda's method in estimating position of the free surface and discharge through the dam. A saturated-unsaturated seepage analysis developed by the use of the Galerkin finite element method is used in a numerical experiment of the present study. Three findings are identified: 1) Seepage through zoned embankment dams is dependent on mu, not on the permeability of the impervious or pervious zone; 2) effect of the structural geometry of the impervious zone on seepage through the dam is relatively small; and 3) it may be concluded that the Casagrande's method and the Fukuda's method are applicable only to the zoned embankment dam with about 10 to 20 of mu
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