Effects of metabolites from sugarcane red rot wilt pathogens on disease induction and influence of nitrogen fertilizers on growth and population of Fusarium moniliforme Sheld.
1996
Sumana Simasalit
Red rot wilt is one of the major sugarcane diseases in Thailand caused by Fusarium moniliforme and Colletotrichum falcatum, which are usually found in infected plant parts. Selection on ten isolates of C. falcatum and thirteen isolates of F. moniliforme indicated that NM-4 isolate of C. falcatum from Amphoe Maung, Nakhon Sawan province and CP-1 isolate of F. moniliforme from Amphoe Panadnikhom, Chonburi province were the most severe isolates. Effects of metabolites from CP-1 isolate of F. moniliforme and NM-4 isolate of C. falcatum on vegetative growth and spore germination of the two pathogens were studied. Metabolites from C. falcatum inhibited vegetative growth and spore germination of F. moniliforme and vice versa. The rate of inhibition increased with increased concentration of metabolites. Metabolites from both pathogens induced sugarcane red rot wilt although metabolites from C. falcatum caused more disease induction. Severity of the disease was enhanced when metabolites from the two pathogens were combined. Study on type and rate of nitrogen fertilizers on vegetative growth and spore germination of the two pathogens indicated that the three nitrogen fertilizers, i.e. (NH4)2SO4, NH4Cl and Urea at the rate of 12, 24, 36 and 48 kg N/rai inhibited vegetative growth and spore germination F. moniliforme and also decreased its population in the soil. The inhibition was enhanced with increased rate of fertilizers.
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