Beyond traditional upland rice: high yielding rice in aerobic soils
2001
George, T. | Magbanug, R. | Tubana, B. | Quiton, J. | Virmani, S. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines))
Rice grown in aerobic soil, commonly referred to as upland rice, is distinct from its lowland counterpart grown in anaerobic or flooded soil. Unlike lowland (flooded) rice, upland (aerobic) rice does not require saturated or flooded soil condition for its normal production. Because of its low yield, largely as a consequence of its production being limited to the infertile uplands, and its obvious association with the resource poor farmers, upland rice is generally perceived in Asia not suited for production environments geared for high yields. Evidence from recent research at IRRI is presented that rice can be highly productive in upland aerobic soils if management is optimized for high yielding genotypes. Results from rainfall favorable and irrigated sites indicate that some genotypes, including lowland varieties, yield high in aerobic soils under relatively non-stress conditions of water and nutrients. Yields as high as 8 t/ha have been obtained. These genotypes expressed more abundant tillering capacity, reduced plant height in aerobic soil, high efficiency in soil N uptake and higher harvest index compared with traditional upland rice. However, repeated cropping in the same plots lead to a drastic loss in crop performance. While results demonstrated the potential for high yield, they also raised new issues of crop improvement and management to be addressed in order to sustain high yields in aerobic soil
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