Determination and characterization of resistance factors in Mungbean (Vigna radiata), ricebean (Vigna umbellata) and blackgram (Vigna mungo) against bruchid
2001
Mendoza, E.T. | Garcia, R.N. | Dela Rosa, A.M. | Lauretes, L.R. | Rodriguez, F.M. | Laurena, A.C. | Caldo, C.A. | Pacheco, W.W. (Philippines Univ., Los Baños, College, Laguna (Philippines))
Six legumes accessions from three species, Vigna radiata (2), V. umbellata (3) and V. mungo (1) were studied to find out their bruchid resistance trait. A comparison of their physicochemical characteristics showed that seeds of ricebean were 60-70% harder than the control Pag-asa 7. Low level of crude fiber, lignin and silica were found in whole seeds. Vigna umbellata accessions 26, 46 and PROC 1 and one strain (TC 1966) of V. radiata var. sublobata were screened for some biochemical factors of bruchid resistance namely: trypsin inhibitors, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phytohemagglutinins, and ex-amylase inhibitors. None of these properties were present at sufficiently high levels to account for bruchid resistance in the legume species tested. SDS-polyacrylamide gel elctrophoresis (PAGE) showed differences in number as well as in the degree of staining of total seed protein of rice bean, blackgram and mungbean. Native PAGE of the ion exchange fractions of Alb 2228 revealed one to three protein bands. The bruchid resistance factors in mungbean, ricebean and blackgram samples used in the study were proteinaeceous in nature. The residue after seed protein fractionation of V. radiata sp. sublobata also showed anti-bruchid activity. A 1% level of incorporation into artificial seeds of the albumin fractions from the three species showed one or more of the following harmful effects: number of eggs laid, decreased adult emergence and increased developmental time of the insect.
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