Soil surface structure and hydraulic properties as affected by long-term organic matter management in cotton-wheat system
1999
Akhtar, M.S. | Memon, K.S. | Qureshi, S. (National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad (Pakistan). Land Resources Research Inst.)
During the years 1990-1996, the highest grain yield and in 1996, the highest wheat root density resulted from application of farmyard manure. Farmyard manure application increased the soil organic matter content more than wheat straw and green-manure, which was attributed variation in nature and quantity of organic matter in each treatment. Saturated infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity (K-fs), matric potential (phy-m), and bulk density changed significantly with the profile depth, while, the treatment effect averaged over the profile was non-significant. The BA horizon (14-27 cm) had greater bulk density a lesser saturated infiltration than the horizons above and below. Un- saturated infiltration, K(l), and phy(l) decreased as the tension (l) increased from -40 mm to -180 mm of water. Farmyard manure and wheat straw application resulted in greater infiltration rate, K(l), phy(l) and greater number of large pores than the control without organic matter and green manure. In the Ap horizon plant available water increased due to wheat straw.
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