Use of field corn germplasm for improving exotic shrunken-2 sweet corn
1997
Chokechai Aekatasanawan | Sansern Jampatong | Chamaiporn Aekatasanawan | Noppong Chulchoho | Chatpong Balla (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). National Corn and Sorghum Research Center)
Most important problem of shrunken-2 (sh-2) sweet corn breeding is narrow genetic base affecting the development of high-yielding hybrids with high table quality for the fresh market and processing. The objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of field corn germplasm for improving exotic sh-2 sweet corn. During 1991-1992, nine sh-2 hybrids (i.e., Florida Staysweet, SCH4102, SCH5005, SCH5007, SCH5009, SCH5017, SCH5091, SCH5276, and SCH5277) and two other hybrids (i.e., Illini Extra Sweet and Ultra Sweet Type) were crossed to KS 6(S) C3 and Suwan 2(S) C7, respectively. One recombination in each cross using bulk-sibbing was done. The resulting 11 sweet corn populations and Thai Supersweet Composite no.1 DMR (a check) were tested for yield and quality in 1992 early rainy season at Suwan Farm Nakhonratchasima. The results showed that (KS 6(S) C3 x SCH4102)-F2 gave the highest unhusked and husked ear weights (i.e., 2,465 and 1,415 kg/rai, respectively) among the F2 populations. Its ear weights were not significantly different from the highest-yielding variety (the check); but it gave significantly higher (P=0.01) soluble solids than the check, and also had good agronomic traits as well as good crispness. The results indicated that field corn germplasm has high potential for improving exotic sh-2 sweet corn for adaptation and disease resistance, and that the improved sh-2 sweet corn can be used as sources for inbred and hybrid development.
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