Influence of the genotype environment interaction of the genetic potential of some sugar beet varieties in Morocco | Influence des interactions genotype X environnement sur le potentiel genetique de quelques varietes de betterave a sucre cultivees au Maroc
2001
El-Bahloul, Y. (Institut national de la Recherche agronomique, Rabat (Morocco))
Sugar beet root and sugar productions have been improved since its introduction in Morocco (1992/63). However, quality and heterogeneity problems were observed during last years. This can be due to culture technics, seed quality and choice of adaptable varieties. Evaluation of some varieties at different environments showed that there performance could be different. This can be explained by environment influence on the genotype expression. That is why it is important to control genotype environment interactions. Analysis of 14 sugar beet varieties, cultivated at 3 sugar beet Moroccan lands, for 5 years, showed an instability, among years, of root and sugar yields, for 11 varieties. Both traits had decreased for 9 varieties. Sugar content did not show any important fluctuations. Comparison of varieties' performances between areas demonstrated that they were specifically adapted to some geographic sites. Some genotype performances were high under special environment conditions and very low under other ones, which were favourable for other genotypes. Variety choice and distribution over different sugar beet production lands must take into account environment influence on genotype expression, to avoid low yields, depreciating not only variety genetic potential, but economic development of concerned areas as well.
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