Mineral content of apple fruits and leaves
2002
Leis, L. | Lepik, A. | Lepiku, T. | Karus, A. (Academical Agricultural Society, Tartu (Estonia))
Effect of mineral nutrient on fruit quality, including quality for storage and the development of physiological disorders, depends upon nutrient content and nutrient balance in the fruit. Concentration of mineral constituents was determined in apple fruits and leaves. Varieties had been studied were autumn cultivars Suegisjoonik and Liivi kuldrenett, and winter cultivars Talvenauding, Tellisaare and Lobo. Samples were collected from commercial apple orchard in South-Estonia. Mean soil pH(H2O) was 5.9-6.5 and 2000, respectively. Soil humus class was medium, fertility class for N was good, K, P, B and Cu high, and Ca, Mg, and Zn satisfactory. The mean fruit macronutrients content (per cent DM) was for N 0.16 and 0.31, P 0.13 and 0.09, K 1.00 and 0.39, Ca 0.03 and 0.02, Mg 0.04 and 0.02 in 1999 and 2000, respectively. In leaves the mean concentrations of macronutrients were: N 2.1 and 2.3 and 2.3, P 0.4 and 0.2, K 2.0 and 1.1, Ca 1.2 and 1.4, Mg 0.4 and 0.3 in 1999 and 2000. In fruits concentration of N was in 2000 higher than in 1999, content of P, K, Ca, and Mg was lower. Fruit macronutrient levels, except P, were lower or close to minimum values of published in literature data. Nutrient levels in the leaves were satisfactory, even high for P and K, in both years. Uptake of nutrients, except N, was in rainy and with low-sunlight vegetative season of 2000 lower. The mean ratio N/Ca was 4 and 22, K/Ca 41 and 25 in 1999 and 2000, respectively. The storage life of fruits was in 1999 when N/Ca K/Ca longer than in 2000 with N/Ca
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