Increasing groundnut yield on Regosol and Alfisol dry land with soil conditioner and ground water irrigation

英语. Drought stress on groundnut often occurs when planted in rainfed wetland, resulting in low yield. Research to find soil management to improve soil moisture content and groundnut yield was conducted during dry season 1996 on Alfisols (Muneng) and Regosols main plot was frequency of irrigation i.e.: 1. not irrigated (control), 2. irrigated at 30 and 60 DAN, and 3. irrigated at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAN. The sub plot is manure application, consisting of: A. control (0 t/ha), B. 15 t/ha cattle manure, C. 5 t/ha coconut peat, D. 15 t/ha cattle manure + 5 t/ha coconut peat, E. 15 t/ha cattle manure + 5 t/ha coconut peat + 7.5 t/ha rice straw as a mulch. The plot size was 3 m x 6 m. Kelinci variety was planted at plant spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm, one plant/hill, and fertilized with 75 kg Urea + 50 kg TSP + 50 kg KCl as basal fertilizer. The intensive weed, pest and diseases control were implemented in this experiment. The results indicated that to increase groundnut yield on Regosol at Mojosari and Alfisol at Muneng, two times irrigation was reasonable. However, if the water was available, five times irrigation would produce higher pod yield. Using 10 t/ha cattle manure + 5 t/ha coconut peat did not increase soil moisture content, but pod yield increased if combined with two or five times of irrigation on Regosol-Mojosari, and increased pod yield in two times irrigation in Alfisol-Muneng. Application of cattle manure + coconut peat combined with two times of irrigation increased pod yield from 1.42 t/ha to 1.65 t/ha (16 percent) in Muneng and from 1.60 t/ha to 2.06 t/ha (28 percent) in Mojosari. At the five times irrigation, adding cattle and coconut peat increased groundnut yield in Muneng from 1.60 t/ha to 2.44 t/ha dry pod (28 percent). Adding 7.5 t/ha rice straw mulch in the groundnut which was fertilized with cattle manure and coconut peat did not increase the yield

印度尼西亚. Budidaya kacang tanah di lahan berpengairan terbatas sering mengalami kekeringan, sehingga hasilnya kurang optimal. Penelitian untuk memperbaiki daya sangga tanah pompa, dilaksanakan pada MK 1996 di tanah Alfisol Muneng dan tanah Regosol Mojosari, menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah frekuensi pemberian air, yaitu 1. kontrol, 2. diairi umur 30 dan 60 hari, 3. diairi umur 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75 hari. Anak petak adalah penggunaan bahan pembenah tanah, yaitu A. tanpa bahan pembenah tanah, B. pupuk kandang 15 t/ha, C. kompos sabut kelapa 5 t/ha, D. pupuk kandang 15 t/ha + kompos sabut kelapa 5 t/ha, E. pupuk kandang 15 t/ha + kompos sabut kelapa 5 t/ha + mulsa jerami 7,5 t/ha. Plot percobaan yang digunakan 10 cm satu tanaman/rumpun, dipupuk 75 kg Urea + 50 kg TSP + 50 kg KCl/ha. Penyiangan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan secara intensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk mendapatkan pertumbuhan tanaman dan komponen hasil kacang tanah yang optimal di tanah Alfisol Muneng dan Regosol Mojosari, dapat diberikan pengairan dua kali saja pada umur 30 dan 60 hari, tetapi hasil tersebut masih dapat ditingkatkan dengan pengairan lima kali pada umur 15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75. Penggunaan pupuk kandang 10 t/ha dan kompos sabut kelapa 5 t/ha belum dapat memperbaiki daya sangga tanah terhadap air, tetapi mampu meningkatkan hasil polong kering pada pengairan dua kali maupun lima kali di tanah Regosol Mojosari, dan hanya meningkatkan hasil pada pengairan dua kali maupun lima kali di tanah Alfisol Muneng. Penggunaan pupuk kandang + kompos sabut kelapa pada pengairan dua kali dapat meningkatkan hasil dari 1,42 t/ha manjadi 1,65 t/ha (16 persen) polong kering di Muneng dan dari penggunaan bahan pembenah tanah tersebut hanya meningkatkan hasil kacang tanah di Muneng yakni dari 1,86 t/ha manjadi 2,44 t/ha (31 persen) polong kering. Penggunaan mulsa jerami padi 7,5 t/ha pada tanaman yang telah mendapat pupuk kandang dan kompos sabut kelapa tidak meningkatkan hasil kacang tanah