The effect of egg shape index on embryo mortalities, unhatched eggs and day old duck abnormalities of selected and control Tegal ducks
2000
Setiadi, P. (Balai Penelitian Ternak Ciawi, Bogor (Indonesia))
An experiment was conducted to study the effect of egg shape index on embryo mortalities, unhatched eggs and day old duck abnormalities of selected and control Tegal ducks. A total of 1428 fertile eggs obtained from a selected ducks group and a control group were divided into 3 groups according to their egg shape index (ESI), i.e. small (ESI, 79 percent), medium (ESI, 82 percent) and large (ESI, 85 percent). The ESI was measured as a ratio of wide and length of eggs in percentage. Three batches of incubation with 7 days interval were carried out as replicates. Parameter measured were embryo mortalities, number of unhatched eggs and number of abnormal day old ducks. Handling of eggs were performed at 6, 14 and 25 days of incubation and mortalities of embryo were detected by loup. Results of the experiment showed that lowest embryos mortalities was occurred on medium eggs (24 percent) and significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than the small eggs (30 percent) but not significantly different with large eggs (28 percent). Number of unhatched eggs was not affected by egg size. Numbers of abnormal DOD were significantly (P less than 0.05) affected by egg size. Abnormal DOD from medium eggs was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower (13 percent) than the small (23 percent) and large (21 percent) eggs. Similar trends were observed on eggs from selected ducks and control ducks. This may be due to short term of selection program and young age of the female ducks (24 weeks). These results concluded that medium eggs (ESI, 82 percent) were the best size for hatching eggs
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