Crop wastes as potential sources of natural medicine/cosmetic products, pesticides/insecticides, and paper products
2002
Torres, L.D. | Ortinero, C.V. | Monserate, J.J. (Central Luzon State Univ., Munoz, Nueva Ecija (Philippines))
Alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins were the common bioactive substances extracted from any one or all of the plant parts (seeds, leaves, stems, roots, or fruits) of the crops tested like ampalaya (Momordica charantia Linn.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), bataw (Dolicos lablab Linn.), eggplant (Solanum melongena Linn.), garlic (Allium sativum Linn.), red onion (Allium ascalonicum), saluyot (Corchorus olitarius Linn.), sinkamas (Pachyrrhizus erosus Linn.), sitao (Vigna sesquipedalis Linn.), yellow granex onion (Allium astowskianum Linn.), and rice (Oryza sativa). These phytochemicals exhibited antitumor, antimutagenic, antibacterial, antifungal, antipyretic, analgesic and cytotoxic activities. Plant extracts from the different crops showed specific insecticidal and medicinal properties. Extracts from different crop varieties also showed different bioactivity or properties. The saponins extracted from the leaves, stems, and roots of "Apollo" tomato variety was found to contain antitumor agent. On the other hand, extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of the native tomato variety contained antibacterial substances against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The flavonoids and saponins extracted from the bulb of red onion exhibited antibacterial property against E. coli, B. substilis, and P. aeruginosa; while the extracts from the skin and bulb of yellow granex onion showed antipyretic and analgesic properties. Paper from rice straw could be produced using the following Philippine Seed Board Rice varieties: PSB Rc24, 40, 42, 60, and 62. The paper from PSB Rc24 was the brightest, thickest, most resistant to ink penetration and least resistant to water penetration. The vines of ampalaya showed potential as source of pulp for papermaking. The paper from ampalaya was tougher than the rice straw paper
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