[Ecological assessment of the state of ecosystems of river basins of plain part of Ukraine's territory (protection, amendment, management)]
2002
Hryb, Y. V. (National Acad. of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv (Ukraine). Inst. of Hydrobiology)
The thesis is dedicated to an issue of methodology of complex ecological assessment of the state of river and lake basins of the plain part of Ukraine's territory (on examples of the Udai, Vorskla, Desna, Horyn, Kohylnyk, Sarata rivers and of lakes of an area between the rivers Western Buh and Prypiat). A new line of hydrogeological research is developed, which includes the following stages: a) an integral complex ecological assessment of the state of each of the basins, the spatio-temporal transformation of a flood-land, anthropogenic transformation of the watershed surface biocenoses and the ecological quality of water; b) hydroecological map-making; c) determining the limiting factors of influence and lines of environmental protection and enhancement. The basic factors of forming the ecological situation in the river and lake basins are as follows: a level of anthropotechnogenic transformation of the biocenoses established on the surface of a watershed, a river-bed, a flood-land; mass of inert materials which come to water environment; buffer capacity which is formed on the account of organic substance biomass synthesized by overland and water biocenoses; self-cleaning ability of the water environment. Correspondingly a strategy of management the state of environment is to be formed in line of regulating the anthropogenic load on a water object and ensuring the high-level biological productivity of natural and artificial biocenoses. The approbated methods of enhancing water environment are proposed. A strategy of rehabilitating broken river and lake macroecosystems is based on a complex assessment of the ecological situation in each of the basins and on realizing economically substantiated compensation solutions, in particular technical, biological, spatial ones. The main results of the study are applied while designing an additional biological wastewater cleaning system for sugar plants, animal complexes as well as for lectures of the higher education system
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