Microbiological properties of soil - basis for soil fertility control
2003
Milosevic, N. (Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) | Govedarica, M. | Ubavic, M. | Hadzic, V. | Nesic, Lj.
This paper reviews the microbiological properties along soil profile in four locations in Serbia (Serbia&Montenegro): Srbobran, Becej, Ladjenik and Beljin. According to the main chemical properties, the soils in Srbobran and Becej were slightly alkaline and well provided with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The soils in the locations of Ladjevik and Beljin were acid, with very unfaurable chemical properties. The enzymatic systems of microorganisms, a highly heterogeneous group of organisms, cover 60 to 90% of the total metabolic activity of the soil. The obtained values of the indicators of biological activity (total number of microbes, numbers of diazotrophs, ammonifiers, actinomycetes and fungi) showed that the analyzed soils varied in biological activity. In the locations of Srbobran and Becej, especially in the topsoil, the activity was high and the number of microorganisms decreased with depth. Azotobacter, an important indicator of nitrogen-fixing bacteria balance in the soil, was found neither in acid soils nor below the depth of 50 cm in the locations of Srbobran and Becej. Actinomycetes were scarce in the locations Ladjenik and Beljin, and they could be found only in the topsoil. Fungi were more frequent in topsoil (log. number of cells from 4.98 to 5.11) than in the deep soil layers.
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