Sol-gel based modified electrodes for the analysis of heavy metals in water
2003
Nipales, N.S. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Chemistry)
Fresh water resources is becoming more and more important due to the deteriorating quality of fresh water sources. Heavy metals, known as major health hazards had entered the aquatic environment through different routes mostly coming from human activities. These contaminants are present in low concentrations that analysis normally requires sophisticated and expensive instrumentation. Electrochemical methods, particularly voltammetry, provides a method with low detection limits to analyze heavy metal contaminants. The technique relies on the electrochemical properties of the analytes and uses an electrode system as probe. The electrode system can be modified to become more specific to certain analytes. Chitosan, nata de coco, and montmorillonite (Aldrich) were used as modifiers due to their ability to complex with different metal ions. These modifiers are encapsulated by a sol-gel which provides a stable surface as well. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to determine the electrochemical properties of the constructed electrodes while differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV) was used for the quantitative analysis of heavy metals. Synthetic samples were used as test solutions and calibration of the electrodes. The performance of the constructed electrodes were also tested using laboratory wastewater as samples
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