Growth and some physiological response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to salinity
2002
Monawara, W.
The study was carried out in the earthen pots lined with polyethylene bags. The design of experiment was completely randomized, ''laid out in two factor factorial arrangements. There were four salinity levels including control (i.e. control, 10, 15 and 20 dSm-1). The treatments were applied after 40 days of the emergence of plants. Three cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes i.e. NIAB-98, FH-900 and BH-118 were used in this study. The data were collected after SS days of germination and before onset of flowers and named as harvest I and II, respectively. The data reveled that there was a considerable depression in the growth and some physiological attributes of three genotypes. However, genotype NIAB-98 was more tolerant towards salinity treatments. Among salinity treatments 20 dSm-1 was more damaging for all the genotypes. NIAB-98 exhibited more tolerance towards salinity treatments followed by genotype FH-900 and genotype BH-118 at both harvest. However, genotype BH-118 showed less reduction in root dry weight as compared to FH- 900 at both harvests. Na+ and Cl- contents increased in leaf, stem and root of all three cotton genotypes with the in the root zone. The increase was more in genotype BH-118 followed by genotype FH-900 and genotype NIAB-98. While potassium content decreased in all three parts of all the three cotton genotypes with the increase in salinity (NaCI) treatments. NIAB-98 showed minimum reduction in K+ content in all three Plant organs. There was a significant reduction in the photosynthetic rate (A), transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (gs) while sub-stomatal conductance (Ci) increased under saline conditions in all three genotypes as compared to their controls. This indicates that there was possibly an adverse effect of salinity on the stomatal opening. NIAB-98 was almost tolerant against NaCl treatments in response to gas exchange attributes than FH-900 and BH-118 at both harvests. However, FH-900 showed minimum reduction in transpiration rate (E) as compared to NIAB-98 and BH-118 at harvest I but NIAB-98 showed less reduction in this attributes followed by FII-900 and BH-118 at harvest II. It was, concluded that NIAB-98 exhibited better results in most of the parameters; than FH-900 while BH-118.
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