Environmental geology of the low-hill watershed at Huai Jo, Chiang Mai basin
1995
Veerasak Udomchoke | Orathai Mingthipol (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Science, Dept. of General Science)
Tensional Neotectonic due to the India-Eurasia collision led to the formation of sixty-one N-S trending basins in Thailand. The four major important basins of the northern Thailand are Chiang Mai Basin, Lampang Basin, Phrae Basin and Nan Basin. The low-hill watersheds drain surface runoff creeks along each side of these basins. The Huai Jo watershed also drains surface runoff to the to the ephemeral creek with three hours' lag of the beginning of rainfall. Dry dipterocarp forest on this watershed can not supply baseflow to these dry streams. Lag time of the rainfall and underground hydrograph relationships on the rolling topography below the low-hill watershed ranges between 8 to 12 hours. Small reservoirs of one million cubic meters were constructed at the Huai Jo in order to collect surface runoff in the rainy season. More benefits than collection of runoff from these small reservoirs are flow retarding for flood control and drought prevention and for groundwater recharge on the terrace and floodplain area. A large number of these reservoirs along the margin of these four basins may contribute to better landuse, flood control in the floodplain area and drought prevention in the undulating area.
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