Soybean seed diseases
Vidic, M.(Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) | Jasnic, S.(Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) | Djordjevic, V.(Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro))
Seed parasites are present on soybeans in Serbia, but the intensity of their occurrence is typically low. Intensive disease attacks and large damage occur only in some years. The most frequent disease is downy mildew caused by Peronospora manshurica. Direct damage to soybean seed is insignificant, but use of infected seed causes the occurrence of systematically infected plants resulting in secondary leaf infections. Parasites from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis (Phomopsis longicolla, Phomopsis sojae, Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora) gain increasing imporatnce. They cause seed rot and latent infections. Continued periods of high air humidity and temperature at the time of soybean maturation favor the outbreak and spread of seed rot symptoms. Intensive attacks of purple seed strain (Cercospora kikuchii) and anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) occur periodically in our country. Correct cultivation practices such as the strict adherence to crop rotation, use of less susceptible or resistant varieties in infection-phone regions, use of healthy seed, removal of harvest residues, etc. are typically recommended for control of soybean seed diseases. Chemical measures of disease control are not common. They are used on certain occasions, mostly in seed crops. Such crops are typically treated at the stages of seed forming and filling.
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