Characterization of Trichoderma pseudokoningii capable of decomposing empty fruit bunches of oil palm

英语. Many species of Trichoderma have been reported to be capable of decomposing lignocellulolytic materials. In an effort to develop an efficient composting process for empty fruit bunches of oil palm (EFBOP), a research was conducted to obtain an effective Trichoderma isolate suitable for EFBOP decomposition and to determine the suitable culturing conditions for the optimum preparation of inoculum. Isolation was performed from decomposing EFBOP, and the isolate was cultured on petri dish media of CMC, MEA, and PDA with three pH levels (4, 5.6, and 7) under three different temperatures 4, 28, and 40 deg. C). Observations were made on mycellial and conidial growth during a 16-days incubation period. Respiration rate was determined using EFBOP as substrate and the enzymes were observed qualitatively. Degree of EFBOP decomposition was evaluated based on C/N ratio values. The result indicated that the isolate obtained is Trichoderma pseudokoningii (strain No. TKKS01). The fastest growth of mycelia and formation of conidia were observed on media with pH 5.6, and 7 for MEA and PDA, respectively, under 40 deg. C incubation temperature. Respiration rate on EFBOP was considerably high with CO2 released reaching 76 mg/square meter/hr. This mesophilic fungus produces phenoloxidase, laccase, and peroxidase enzymes, and is capable of altering the EFBOP C/N ratio from 52 to 13 within 30 days of composting period

未知. Di antara spesies Trichoderma yang telah dikenal, beberapa dilaporkan mempunyai kemampuan untuk menghancurkan bahan yang mengandung lignoselulosa. Sebagai usaha untuk meningkatkan efisiensi proses pengomposan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS), penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mendapatkan isolat Trichoderma yang sesuai bagi dekomposisi TKKS dan menetapkan kondisi perbanyakan isolat yang sesuai dalam persiapan inokulum. Isolat diperoleh dari TKKS yang sedang melapuk, dimurnikan, dan ditumbuhkan dalam cawan petri pada tiga jenis media (CMC, MEA, dan PDA), tiga kondisi pH (4, 5.6, dan 7) serta tiga suhu inkubasi (4, 28, dan 40 derajat Celsius). Pengamatan dilakukan selama 16 hari dengan parameter pertumbuhan miselum dan konidium. Secara terpisah dilakukan penetapan laju respirasi pada substrat TKKS, jenis enzim secara kualitatif, dan tingkat pelapukan TKKS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa isolat Trichoderma yang diperoleh tergolong spesies T. pseudokoningii. Pertumbuhan miselium dan konidium tercepat diperoleh pada media MEA dan PDA dengan pH masing-masing 5.6 dan 7,0 pada suku 40 derajat Celsius. Laju respirasi pada TKKS tergolong tinggi dengan kadar CO2 terlepas mencapai 76 mg meter persegi/jam, fungsi mesofili ini menghasilkan enzim fenoloksidase, lakkase, dan peroksidase dan mampu menurunkan nisbah C/N TKKS dari 52 menjadi 13 dalam waktu 30 hari pengomposan