Environmental impact of sediment from irrigation-drainage canals
2005
Pantelic-Miralem, S.
This thesis provides an analysis of sediment/sludge deposited in irrigation-drainage canals, which, due to its origin, composition, properties and large quantities, may have an adverse impact on the environment, not only in certain sections of the canals, but also in the surrounding areas at which such sediment is disposed and spread. Over 20.000 km of irrigation-drainage canals were constructed in the territory of Vojvodina (Serbia and Montenegro) and most of them are used for drainage purposes. However, a number of these canals, particularly those in vinicity of settlements, are also used for discharges of urban and industrail wastewaters. Within the researches conducted in 15 characteristic irrigation-drainage canals in Banat and Backa regions (the Vojvodna Province), 33 samples of deposited sediment were taken from the canals bottom and subjected to the following analyses: mechanical composition, basic chemical properties, heavy metal content, whereas some samples were also analyzed to the presence of organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticide residues. At selected canals two samples of deposited sediment, taken upstream and downstream from the discharge points of the principal point source polluters, were analyzed, too. Sampling campaigns and analyses of sediment were carried out from 2002 to 2004. Obtained results show high pollution loads of hazardous and harmful substances, being above maximum permisible levels (MLP), i.e. limit values for permitted concentrations in sediment.
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