A new approach in association study of single nucleotide polymorphism of genes for carcass and meat quality traits in commercial pigs
2004
Stefanon, B.; Susmel, P. (Udine Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Scienze della Produzione Animale); Floris, R.; Graziosi, G. (Trento Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Biologia); Braglia, S.; Davoli, R.; Fontanesi, L.; Dall'Olio, S.; Russo, V. (Bologna Univ. (Italy). Dipartimento di Protezione e Valorizzazione Agroalimentare)
Six batches of four commercial heavy pig hybrids, reared for production of Italian dry-cured hams, were identified for homogeneous feeding and farm conditions. On 235 pigs, slaughtered in the same slaughterhouse, carcass traits and muscle composition were measured. Pigs were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Na+-, K+-ATPase subunit alpha 2 (ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 2 (+) polypeptide; ATP1A2), cystatin B (CSTB), mitochondrial 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 (DECR1), leptin (LEP; 3 SNPs), melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R), melanocortin receptor 5 (MC5R), sarcolipin (SLN) and titin (TTN) genes. All genes showed biallelic polymorphisms and the alleles were differently distributed between the six batches. Pigs were subsequently clustered in "lean" and "fat", using either carcass traits (lean percentage, backfat thickness, loin muscle thickness, ham weight and cover fat thickness: 100 lean and 135 fat) or meat composition data (dry matter, protein, fat and ash of Biceps femoris and Vastus lateralis and pH after 24 hours: 126 lean and 109 fat). The association of gene polymorphisms with leaness and fatness was thus investigated using a logistic regression. ATP1A2, LEP (HinfI polymorphism) and MC4R, together with sex and ham weight, were included in the model to screen lean and fat pigs, classified according to carcass trait data, yielding a correct classification of 71%. For lean and fat pigs, classified according to muscle composition, sex, CSTB, DECR1, MC5R and LEP (AcI/TaqI polymorphisms) were included in the regression analysis, that yielded a 66% of pigs correctly classified. These preliminary results suggest that some of the selected candidate genes could be associated to production traits and are worth of further investigations
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