Pest and disease management in winter rye crop
2005
Smatas, R., Lithuanian Inst. of Agriculture, Akademija, Kedainio reg. (Lithuania) | Gaurilcikiene, I., Lithuanian Inst. of Agriculture, Akademija, Kedainio reg. (Lithuania)
The main foliar diseases in winter rye crops were powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer), brown rust (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm.) and scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) Davis). Fungicides decreased the incidence and severity of foliar diseases in winter rye crops. The fungicides Falcon (tebuconazole+triadimenol+spiroxamine 167+43+250 g lE-1) and Tilt (propiconazole 250 g lE-1) were moderately effective against powdery mildew. Falcon provided high efficacy against brown rust. Tilt was less effective against severe brown rust infection. This fungicide did not have any effect on the disease incidence but reduced the severity of the disease. The tested fungicides showed a moderate efficacy against scald. During the experimental period the main pests in winter rye stands were thrips and aphids. The occurrence of thrips was abundant annually. The spread of aphids was abundant only in 2002. The pyretroid insecticide Fastac (alfa-cipermetrin 100 g lE-1) significantly decreased the incidence of pests in winter rye. Owing to the use of insecticide, fungicides and their mixtures a significant grain yield increase was obtained. Average yield increase due to the insecticide was 0.41 t haE-1, due to fungicides - 0.38-0.40 t haE-1, and due to their mixtures - 0.52-0.62 t haE-1. The annual and average yield increase was higher for the treatments applied with a mixture of fungicides and insecticide.
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