Performance of Latvian spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties in conditions of organic farming
2005
Legzdina, L., Priekuli Plant Breeding Station, Cesis reg. (Latvia) | Bleidere, M., State Stende Plant Breeding Station, Dizstende, Talsu reg. (Latvia) | Praulina, O., State Stende Plant Breeding Station, Dizstende, Talsu reg. (Latvia) | Gaile, Z., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Auce, Dobele reg. (Latvia). Training and Research Farm Vecauce | Vigovskis, J., Agency of Latvia University of Agriculture, Skriveri, Aizkraukle reg. (Latvia). Research Institute of Agriculture | Svarta, A., Agency of Latvia University of Agriculture, Skriveri, Aizkraukle reg. (Latvia). Research Institute of Agriculture
In order to recommend the most appropriate spring barley varieties for organic farming, trials in certified organic fields were carried out in four Latvian research institutions. The article summarises the data about grain yield, quality, plant height, the length of vegetation and infection with diseases of six registered barley varieties, which were tested in 2003 (2 test sites) and 2004 (4 test sites). The mean grain yield of varieties 'Ruja', 'Malva' and 'Rasa' was significantly higher if compared to the check variety 'Abava' (P = 95%). The influence of genotype and test site on grain yield was significant (p-value = 0.004 and is less than 0.0001, respectively). The highest mean TGW (thousand grain weight) was estimated for varieties 'Idumeja' (47.0 g) and 'Ruja' (46.7 g). None of the varieties exceeded the mean grain volume weight of standard variety 'Abava' (679 g lE-1). The influence of genotype on the content of crude protein and starch in grain was not significant. The duration of vegetation of variety 'Idumeja' was on average 8 days shorter than that of check 'Abava'. The mean plant height of check variety 'Abava' significantly surpassed the rest of tested varieties. None of the varieties showed complete resistance to loose smut (Ustilago nuda); the lowest infection level was detected for varieties 'Malva' and 'Idumeja', which can be recommended for organic farming from this point of view.
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