Inoculation of Macrophomina phaseolina at three stages in sunflower plant andits effect on yield components of different sunflower varieties
2004
Wagan, K.H. | Pathan, M.A. | Jiskani, M.M.,Sindh Agriculture Univ., Tandojam(Pakistan). Dept. of Plant Pathology
Yield loss studies were conducted by growing the seeds of five sunflowerhybrid/varieties, i.e. SC-83, SC-92, SF-187, SF-177 and HO-1. Plants inoculated withdry culture of Macrophomina phaseolina at sowing, flowering (60 days afteremergence) and ripening time (75 days after emergence). The plant height and 1000-grain weight were significantly reduced in HO-1 variety for plants inoculated at lateflowering stage to early ripening than the sowing in plots. The plants of allvarieties inoculated at flowering stage also matured earlier than the uninoculatedplants. The percent oil and protein content also decreased in inoculated plants ofHO-1 followed by SC-92 and SC-83 as compared to SF- 187 and SF-177 sunflowervarieties/hybrid. The sclerotia of the fungus multiplied very rapidly when plantsinoculated at flowering stage as compared to other two stages. The maximum yield(kg) per hectare was recorded in SF-177 (2130.00 and 2120.00) followed by SF-187(2067.00 and 2049.00) sunflower plants inoculated at sowing time and ripening stagethan the flowering stage. The yield losses were significantly increased in HO-1, SC-92 and SC-83 sunflower varieties. The overall yield loss in all varieties inoculated atflowering stage was (7.58-45.0%) at ripening (6.59-41.85%) and at sowing (5.54-37.97%)respectively.
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